LDK Solar Co., Ltd.

As the worldwide demand for electricity increases and the historical reliance on fossil fuels is being challenged by increasing environmental awareness, the focus has turned to renewable energy sources. As a reliable and versatile form of renewable energy, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are expected to become a dominant energy source. According to market research, PV is expected to account for over 50% of the world’s total electricity generated by renewable energy sources by 2070.

LDK Solar is a pure-play manufacturer dedicated solely to the design, development, manufacturing and distribution of multicrystalline solar wafers. Wafers are the principal raw material used to produce solar cells, which are devices capable of converting sunlight into electricity. Their manufacturing process is based on proprietary production processes utilizing both virgin and recyclable polysilicon for ingot production. Through this proprietary process, they are able to offer their global solar cell and module manufacturer customers considerable cost advantages while maintaining quality and performance. LDK Solars also provides wafering services to both multicrystalline and monocrystalline solar cell and module manufacturers.

LDK Solar made their first commercial shipment of solar wafers in April 2006 and have quickly become one of the leading manufacturers in the industry, with their annual production capacity expected to increase to 400 megawatts, or MW by the end of 2007 from 215 MW as of March 31, 2007.

Their headquarters and their large scale, state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities are located in Hi-Tech Industrial Park, Xinyu city, Jiangxi province in the People’s Republic of China.

Products

LDK Solar manufactures and sells multicrystalline solar wafers. They currently produce and sell multicrystalline wafers in two principal sizes of 125 by 125 mm and 156 by 156 mm, with thicknesses from 180 and 240 microns.

LDK also provides wafering services to both monocrystalline and multicrystalline solar cell and module manufactures, which provide us their own ingots to be sliced. They charge a fee based on the number of wafers to be sliced.

The main technological process of multi-crystalline wafers contains: ingot and wire saw.

Strategic relationships with world class PV equipment manufacturers GT
Solar(USA) HCT (Switzerland), support LDK on equipment, process and
technology.Cooperate with Shanghai Jiaotong University formed “Shanghai
Jiaotong University-LDK Solar R&D Lab” engages in industry leading or LDK
R&D projects, endeavor together toreach state-level lab, supply technology
support for LDK to develop into a world class wafer manufacture.
Cooperate with Nanchang University formed “Nanchang University-LDK
Solar Research Center”, research in projects such as wafer purification,
crystallization improvement, and wire breakage reduction etc.

Ingot
        1、Muticrystalline DSS capacity : 275kg/ingot （standard）
2、Ingot size: 690mm（L）× 690mm（W）×240mm（H）

Multi-crystalline wafer

Conductivity type：P Dimension: 103×103±0.5mm ，125×125±0.5mm，150×150±0.5mm，156×156±0.5mm，210×210±0.5mm Shape：Square Resistivity：0.5Ω/cm-3Ω/cm Lifetime： ≥2μs Oxygen concentration ≤ 1×1018atom/cm3 Carbon concentration ≤ 5×1016atom/cm3 Thickness：200μm± 20μm, 220μm± 20μm,240μm± 20μm TTV：≤ 50 μm BOW：≤ 30 μm Saw mark：≤ 10 μm Chips：L≤1mm, D≤1mm,Max. 2 places Crack and pinhole： no cracks and pin holes visible with the naked eyes

125×125 150×150 156×156 210×210

Mono-crystalline wafer

Lifetime: ≥10μs BOW：≤35 μm Resistivity: 0.5—3，3—6，6—10Ω·cm Oxygen concentration ≤ 1×1018atom/cm3 Carbon concentration ≤ 5×1016atom/cm3 Dimension: 125mmX125mm±0.5mm ,156mmX156mm±0.5mm Thickness: 200μm ,220μm, 240μm(±20μm) TTV：≤ 50 μm Squareness Angle Variety : ＜0.6mm Squareness Angle: 90°±0.25° Crystal direction : ≤100≥

125×125 156×156